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Sci-fi action movies were better in the '90s. 'Independence Day' is full of reasons why
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(It was a time when major studios were happy to take a punt on original scripts, knowing that people would, as often as not, buy theater tickets to watch quality releases. Good movies will always be made, of course — just as even the most golden of ages produce their fair share of stinkers — but this was a time when the Venn diagram circles labelled 'acclaimed' and 'popular' intersected on a satisfyingly regular basis.But beyond the critic-friendly fare produced by the likes of Quentin Tarantino, the Coen Brothers, Paul Thomas Anderson, and Martin Scorsese, this was also a peak period for popcorn-friendly action movies… and especially sci-fi action movies. Highbrow reviewers didn't always appreciate their brilliance back then, but looking back all these decades later, many of the best examples still stand up now."Independence Day" — which turned 30 last week — isn't even the best entry in the genre, but it repeatedly shows why the end of the 20th century was the perfect time to experience blockbuster thrills and spills in a multiplex. And, spoiler, there was barely a superhero in sight.The '80s had teed up the subsequent decade's action explosion perfectly. On one side was the family-friendly fare championed by George Lucas and Steven Spielberg, timeless movies like the "Star Wars" sequels, "ET", "Back to the Future," and "Indiana Jones" that produced a generation of budding cinephiles. They were complemented by the more rugged, violent, and grown-up adventures popularized by the likes of "Aliens", "Predator", and "Die Hard". (It's easy to dismiss this kind of filmmaking as simplistic and dumbed down. Its poster boys were uber-producers Jerry Bruckheimer and his late filmmaking partner Don Simpson, whose "high concept" ethos distilled movies down to a pithy elevator pitch you could squeeze into a single sentence.But the company's undisputed classics of the era make it obvious they were on to something — "Crimson Tide" (feuding submariners try to avert World War III), "The Rock" (rogue marines capture Alcatraz to hold San Francisco to ransom) and "Con Air" (a bunch of prisoners capture their transport plane). It's a formula that also worked for "Speed" (a bomb will explode if a bus goes under 50mph), "Twister" (scientists chase tornadoes across America), and "Under Siege" ("Die Hard" on a boat). ( Let's start with their own high concept, easily summed up as a modern-day spin on HG Wells' "The War of the Worlds", but with bigger spaceships and a more pronounced fetish for major landmarks.Speaking to the Guardian, Devlin recalled Emmerich's original idea. "[He said], 'What if we woke up tomorrow morning and we walked outside to get the newspaper and above it was a 15-mile-wide spaceship blotting out the sun for an entire city?' Then he turned to look at me and goes, 'I think I have our next movie.'""Independence Day" didn't need to be part of a major franchise to get noticed. The teaser trailers, with their carefully choreographed moments of tourist hotspot destruction, were enough for that, as was the brilliant sci-fi movie poster, which saw Manhattan dwarfed by a flying saucer. "The question of whether or not we are alone in the universe has been answered," said the wonderfully doom-mongering tagline. (
Want to see Uranus for yourself? Independence Day morning offers one of the best opportunities in decades, as the distant ice giant passes extraordinarily close to Mars in the predawn sky.Although we often hear that only five planets are visible to the unaided eye, Uranus can also be seen from Earth under the right conditions. As the seventh planet from the sun, it is very faint — near the threshold of naked-eye visibility at roughly sixth magnitude — so viewing it requires a very dark sky with little to no significant light pollution.The second challenge is knowing exactly where to look. Uranus is faint enough to blend into a background of similarly dim stars, but early on Saturday, July 4, at around 4 a.m. local daylight time, Mars provides a useful guide. On that Independence Day morning, Mars and Uranus will appear unusually close together in the sky.Finding Mars firstMars currently rises about half an hour before the first light of dawn. It is still relatively faint at about magnitude +1.3, and through a telescope it appears tiny, measuring less than 4.5 arc seconds across. Look for it low in the east-northeast, about 5.5 degrees directly below the Pleiades star cluster.Find Mars low in the east-northeast before dawn.Point binoculars or a small telescope at Mars.Look almost directly above Mars for a much fainter, star-like point of light. That will be Uranus.What Uranus will look likeUranus should resemble a tiny greenish star and will appear only about 1/63 as bright as Mars. Although Uranus is nearly 7.5 times larger than Mars, it is more than 9.5 times farther away as seen from Earth. At about 1.88 billion miles (3.02 billion km), it appears only slightly smaller than Mars in apparent size, measuring about 3.5 arc seconds across. Approximate location of Mars and Uranus in the predawn hours on July 4. (According to Belgian celestial calculator Jean Meeus, Mars and Uranus will be closest at 5 a.m. Universal Time (UTC) on July 4, when only 6 arc minutes will separate them. For comparison, Mizar — the middle star in the Big Dipper's handle — and its fainter companion Alcor are separated by about 12 arc minutes. In other words, Mars and Uranus will appear only half as far apart as Mizar and Alcor.Observers with exceptionally sharp vision and very dark skies may want to try spotting Uranus near Mars without optical aid, though binoculars or a small telescope will make the view much easier.Mars and Uranus are in conjunction on average once every 2.38 years. But meetings as close as this one are quite rare, occurring on average once about every 40 years. The next similarly close approach between these two worlds that is readily visible in a dark sky is not due until Dec. 8, 2147!A Bonus Target: HIP 19146 Eagle-eyed observers with a small telescope may also be able to spot HIP19146 on July 4. (0/Simulation Curriculum. Background added in Canva Pro.)If you are using a small telescope, look for an even fainter object about 2 arc minutes below Uranus. This is not a Uranian satellite, but a background star cataloged as HIP 19146. The "HIP" designation comes from Hipparcos; a European Space Agency satellite launched in 1989 and operated until 1993. Hipparcos was the first space mission devoted to precision astrometry, the accurate measurement of celestial positions and distances.On the morning of the upcoming Mars-Uranus conjunction, try to spot this eighth-magnitude star as well. It is about 11 times dimmer than Uranus and lies roughly 882 light-years from Earth.Joe Rao serves as an instructor and guest lecturer at New York's Hayden Planetarium. He writes about astronomy for Natural History magazine, Sky and Telescope, The Old Farmer's Almanac and other publications.
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